Things to Do in Nouakchott, Mauritanie موريتانيا

Nouakchott, the capital and largest city of Mauritania, is a fascinating blend of traditional Saharan culture and modern West African urban life. Founded in 1958 as a small fishing village, it has rapidly grown into a sprawling metropolis that serves as the country's political, economic, and cultural center. The city sits on the Atlantic coast, where the vast Sahara Desert meets the ocean, creating a unique landscape of sand dunes, beaches, and urban development. Despite its relatively recent establishment, Nouakchott offers visitors an authentic glimpse into Mauritanian culture, from bustling traditional markets and colorful neighborhoods to modern government buildings and cultural institutions. The city serves as an excellent base for exploring the country's rich nomadic heritage, Islamic architecture, and the dramatic contrast between desert and sea. While infrastructure can be challenging, the warmth of the local people and the opportunity to experience one of West Africa's most traditional societies make it a rewarding destination for adventurous travelers.

Top Things to Do in Nouakchott

Explore the Grand Marché (Central Market)

Wander through Nouakchott's vibrant central market, where traditional crafts, textiles, spices, and local goods create a sensory feast. This bustling marketplace offers insight into daily Mauritanian life and is perfect for purchasing authentic souvenirs like leather goods, silver jewelry, and colorful fabrics. The market is particularly lively in the early morning and late afternoon when locals do their shopping.

Booking Tip: No booking required, but consider hiring a local guide for 2,000-3,000 MRU ($5-8) to help navigate and translate. Visit early morning (7-9 AM) or late afternoon (4-6 PM) for the best experience and cooler temperatures.

Visit the National Museum of Mauritania

Discover Mauritania's rich cultural heritage through exhibits showcasing traditional nomadic life, Islamic art, and archaeological finds. The museum provides excellent context for understanding the country's history, from ancient Berber civilizations to the present day. Collections include traditional clothing, musical instruments, and artifacts from various ethnic groups.

Booking Tip: Entry fee is around 500 MRU ($1.50). Open Saturday to Thursday, closed Fridays. Best visited in the morning when it's cooler and less crowded. Photography may require an additional fee.

Experience the Fish Market and Port Area

Witness the daily catch being brought in by colorful fishing boats at Nouakchott's bustling fish market near the port. This authentic slice of local life showcases the city's maritime heritage and provides excellent photography opportunities. The area comes alive in the early morning when fishermen return with their overnight catches.

Booking Tip: Free to visit, but tip photographers' subjects 100-200 MRU if taking portraits. Best time is 6-8 AM when boats return. Wear closed shoes and bring hand sanitizer. Consider hiring a local guide for cultural context.

Explore Traditional Neighborhoods

Walk through Nouakchott's traditional quarters like Ksar and Sebkha to see authentic Mauritanian architecture and daily life. These neighborhoods feature traditional houses, small mosques, and local tea houses where you can experience the famous Mauritanian tea ceremony. The areas offer a stark contrast to the modern city center.

Booking Tip: Free to explore, but hiring a local guide (3,000-5,000 MRU or $8-13) is recommended for cultural insights and language assistance. Best visited in late afternoon when the heat subsides and locals gather for tea.

Day Trip to Banc d'Arguin National Park

Take a day trip to this UNESCO World Heritage site, one of the world's most important bird sanctuaries, located about 2 hours from Nouakchott. The park features pristine coastline, traditional fishing communities, and millions of migratory birds. You can observe pelicans, flamingos, and other species while learning about traditional Imraguen fishing techniques.

Booking Tip: Organized tours cost 15,000-25,000 MRU ($40-65) per person including transport and guide. Book through reputable tour operators in Nouakchott. Best visited during migration season (November-April). Bring sun protection and water.

Getting There

Nouakchott-Oumtounsy International Airport (NKC) is the main gateway, located about 4km north of the city center. The airport receives flights from major African cities like Casablanca, Dakar, and Bamako, as well as some European destinations including Paris and Istanbul. From the airport, taxis charge around 1,500-2,500 MRU ($4-7) to reach the city center. Overland travel is possible from Senegal via the border at Rosso, though roads can be challenging and border procedures lengthy. Most visitors will find flying to be the most practical option.

Getting Around

Transportation in Nouakchott relies primarily on shared taxis, private taxis, and walking. Shared taxis (taxi-brousse) are the most economical option at around 100-200 MRU per ride, following set routes throughout the city. Private taxis can be negotiated for 500-1,500 MRU depending on distance. There's no formal public bus system, though some informal minibuses operate on major routes. Car rental is available but not recommended for first-time visitors due to challenging traffic conditions and lack of clear street signage. Walking is feasible in the city center, though the sandy streets and heat can be challenging.

Where to Stay

Tevragh-Zeina (upscale area with hotels)

City Center (near government buildings)

Ksar (traditional neighborhood)

Sebkha (local residential area)

Near the Airport (convenient for transit)

Coastal Area (near the ocean)

Food & Dining

Nouakchott's dining scene centers around traditional Mauritanian cuisine featuring rice, meat, and fish dishes. Local restaurants serve thieboudienne (fish and rice), mechanical (rice with meat and vegetables), and fresh seafood from the Atlantic. Street food includes grilled meat, bread, and sweet tea served throughout the day. International options are limited but include some Lebanese, French, and Moroccan restaurants, primarily in the Tevragh-Zeina district. Most meals cost 1,000-3,000 MRU ($3-8) at local establishments, while hotel restaurants charge higher prices. The famous Mauritanian tea ceremony is an essential cultural experience available at most cafes and restaurants.

Top-Rated Restaurants in Mauritania

Highly-rated dining options based on Google reviews (4.5+ stars, 100+ reviews)

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Bamboo Asian Cuisine - Jounieh

4.9 /5

(1001 reviews)

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Norma

4.8 /5

(420 reviews)

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The Ridge Cafe

4.7 /5

(356 reviews) 2

cafe

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Atom Coffee Hub

4.6 /5

(227 reviews)

cafe store

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When to Visit

The best time to visit Nouakchott is during the cooler dry season from November to March, when temperatures are more manageable (20-30°C/68-86°F) and rainfall is minimal. April and May can still be pleasant but temperatures begin to rise. The hot season from June to October sees temperatures soar above 40°C (104°F) with high humidity, making outdoor activities challenging. The brief rainy season occurs from July to September, though rainfall is generally light. Harmattan winds from the Sahara can bring dust storms between December and February, but also provide relief from humidity. For the best weather and optimal bird watching at nearby Banc d'Arguin, plan your visit between December and February.

Insider Tips

Learn basic French or Arabic phrases as English is rarely spoken outside tourist hotels

Always carry cash in local currency (Mauritanian Ouguiya) as credit cards are rarely accepted

Respect local Islamic customs by dressing modestly and being mindful during prayer times, especially on Fridays

Things to Do in Nouakchott