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Seven Days Through Ancient Mauritania

From Saharan Dunes to Atlantic Shores

Trip Overview

This week-long journey through Mauritania unveils one of West Africa's most enigmatic destinations, where endless Saharan landscapes meet the Atlantic Ocean. You'll explore the ancient caravan city of Chinguetti, traverse the dramatic Adrar Plateau, witness the stunning iron ore train at Nouadhibou, and discover the vibrant capital of Nouakchott. This itinerary balances adventure with cultural immersion, including encounters with traditional Moorish hospitality, visits to UNESCO World Heritage sites, and the unique experience of the Monk Seal Interpretation Center. The pace allows for both active desert exploration and contemplative moments in historic libraries and coastal settings. Expect basic infrastructure outside major cities, genuine cultural exchanges, and landscapes that feel utterly timeless. This is authentic Saharan travel for those seeking experiences far from typical tourist trails.

Pace
Moderate
Daily Budget
$80-120 per day
Best Seasons
November to February (cooler temperatures, avoid summer heat)
Ideal For
Adventure travelers, Culture enthusiasts, Desert lovers, Off-the-beaten-path explorers, Photography enthusiasts

Day-by-Day Itinerary

1

Arrival in the Capital

Nouakchott
Settle into Mauritania's sprawling coastal capital, exploring the vibrant fishing port and getting your first taste of Moorish culture.
Morning
Arrival and orientation in Nouakchott
Arrive at Nouakchott-Oumtounsy International Airport and transfer to your accommodation in the Tevragh-Zeina district. After settling in, take a gentle walking tour of the neighborhood to acclimate to the city's rhythm. Visit a local tea house to experience the famous three-round Mauritanian tea ceremony, an essential cultural tradition where each glass represents a different stage of life.
3-4 hours $15-20
Arrange airport transfer in advance through your accommodation for safety and convenience
Lunch
A traditional restaurant near the city center serving thieboudienne
Mauritanian and West African Mid-range
Afternoon
Port de Pêche (Fishing Port) exploration
Visit Nouakchott's bustling fishing port where colorful pirogues line the Atlantic shore. Watch fishermen bring in their daily catch and witness the lively fish market in action. The port offers incredible photography opportunities with hundreds of wooden boats painted in vibrant blues, yellows, and greens. Observe the traditional boat-building techniques still practiced along the beach and interact with friendly fishermen eager to share their stories.
2-3 hours $5-10
Evening
Sunset at the beach and dinner
Walk along Nouakchott's beachfront as the sun sets over the Atlantic, then dine at a beachside restaurant serving fresh grilled fish and traditional méchoui (roasted lamb)

Where to Stay Tonight

Tevragh-Zeina district, Nouakchott (Mid-range hotel with modern amenities)

This central district offers the best infrastructure, restaurants, and safety for first-night orientation in Mauritania

Exchange money at official banks or exchange offices in Nouakchott before heading to remote areas where ATMs are scarce or non-existent
Day 1 Budget: $90-110
2

Markets and Coastal Wonders

Nouakchott and surroundings
Dive deeper into the capital's culture through its markets and visit the unique Monk Seal Interpretation Center.
Morning
Marché Capitale (Capital Market) exploration
Immerse yourself in the sensory overload of Nouakchott's main market, where you'll find everything from traditional Moorish clothing and silver jewelry to spices, dates, and handicrafts. Navigate through sections dedicated to textiles featuring beautiful malahfa (traditional women's wraps) in every color imaginable. The market provides authentic insight into daily Mauritanian life, with vendors selling camel meat, dried fish, and traditional medicines alongside modern goods.
2-3 hours $10-20
Lunch
A local eatery in the market area serving couscous with lamb and vegetables
Traditional Mauritanian Budget
Afternoon
Monk Seal Interpretation Center - Mauritania
Visit this important conservation center dedicated to the critically endangered Mediterranean monk seal, one of the world's rarest marine mammals. The center provides educational exhibits about the small population of seals inhabiting Mauritania's coastal waters, particularly around Cap Blanc. Learn about conservation efforts, the seals' biology and behavior, and the challenges they face. The knowledgeable staff offer insights into Mauritania's unique coastal ecosystem and ongoing research projects.
1-2 hours $5-8
Check opening hours in advance as they can be irregular
Evening
Traditional Moorish dinner experience
Enjoy a meal at a restaurant specializing in traditional Moorish cuisine, featuring dishes like cherchem (pasta with meat and sauce) and camel milk desserts, accompanied by live traditional music

Where to Stay Tonight

Tevragh-Zeina district, Nouakchott (Same or similar mid-range hotel)

Staying in the same area allows for early departure tomorrow while maintaining comfort and convenience

Dress modestly when visiting markets and public spaces; women should consider wearing a headscarf, and both men and women should cover shoulders and knees
Day 2 Budget: $85-105
3

Journey to the Iron Ore Train

Nouakchott to Nouadhibou
Travel north along the coast to Mauritania's second city, home to the legendary iron ore train and ship graveyard.
Morning
Scenic drive to Nouadhibou via the coastal route
Embark on the spectacular 470-kilometer journey to Nouadhibou along the Atlantic coast. This full-day drive passes through Parc National du Banc d'Arguin, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the world's most important bird sanctuaries. Stop at viewpoints to observe flamingos, pelicans, and countless migratory birds. The landscape transitions from desert to coast, with endless beaches meeting Saharan dunes. The journey itself is an adventure through one of Africa's most remote and beautiful coastal regions.
8-10 hours with stops $60-80
Hire a 4x4 vehicle with experienced driver in Nouakchott; this journey requires proper vehicle and local knowledge
Lunch
Packed lunch with stops at scenic viewpoints along Banc d'Arguin
Prepared sandwiches and snacks Budget
Afternoon
Arrival and ship graveyard exploration
Arrive in Nouadhibou and check into your accommodation. In the late afternoon, visit the famous ship graveyard where over 300 rusting vessels create a haunting maritime landscape along the bay. These abandoned ships, victims of strict fishing regulations and economic circumstances, have become an iconic symbol of Mauritania. Walk along the beach photographing the surreal scene of massive hulls emerging from the sand and surf, particularly striking in the golden afternoon light.
2 hours $5-10
Evening
Seafood dinner in Nouadhibou
Dine at a waterfront restaurant serving the freshest Atlantic seafood, including grilled octopus, lobster, and local fish varieties prepared with Mauritanian spices

Where to Stay Tonight

Central Nouadhibou (Simple hotel or guesthouse)

Central location provides access to the train station for tomorrow's early adventure and evening restaurants

Fill up on fuel in Nouakchott before departing; fuel stations are sparse along the coastal route and may have irregular supplies
Day 3 Budget: $110-140
4

The Iron Ore Train Experience

Nouadhibou
Witness and potentially ride one of the world's longest trains through the Sahara Desert.
Morning
Iron ore train observation and experience
Rise early to experience the legendary iron ore train, one of the world's longest at up to 3 kilometers. This working freight train carries iron ore from the mines in Zouérat to Nouadhibou's port. Watch the massive train arrive or depart from the station, its hundreds of wagons creating an unforgettable sight. Adventurous travelers can arrange to ride in one of the ore cars for an authentic Saharan journey, though conditions are extremely basic with exposure to sun, wind, and iron dust. Even observing from the station provides remarkable insight into this vital economic lifeline.
3-4 hours $10-30
Train schedules are irregular; inquire locally about arrival times the evening before
Lunch
A simple restaurant near the train station serving grilled meat and rice
Local Mauritanian Budget
Afternoon
Cansado Beach and Cap Blanc Peninsula exploration
Visit Cansado Beach, a beautiful stretch of Atlantic coastline with pristine sand and powerful waves. This area offers excellent opportunities for beachcombing and observing local fishing activities. Drive toward Cap Blanc Peninsula, the westernmost point of Africa, where the Mediterranean monk seal colony resides in protected caves. While the seals themselves are rarely visible from land, the dramatic coastal scenery of cliffs meeting the ocean is spectacular, and you may spot dolphins offshore.
3 hours $15-25
Evening
Relaxed evening in Nouadhibou
Enjoy a casual dinner at a local restaurant serving traditional Mauritanian pizza (a unique flatbread creation) and fresh fruit juices, followed by tea at a café

Where to Stay Tonight

Central Nouadhibou (Same or similar simple hotel)

Convenient for tomorrow's journey inland toward the Adrar region

If riding the iron ore train, bring goggles, a face covering, warm layers for night, and secure all belongings as iron dust covers everything
Day 4 Budget: $80-100
5

Into the Sahara: Journey to Atar

Nouadhibou to Atar
Travel inland across the desert to reach Atar, gateway to the historic Adrar region.
Morning
Desert drive to Atar
Begin the spectacular journey across the Sahara to Atar, capital of the Adrar region. This roughly 450-kilometer journey takes you through increasingly dramatic desert landscapes, transitioning from coastal plains to rocky hamada desert and eventually to the edge of the Adrar Plateau. Pass through small settlements where nomadic traditions remain strong. The route offers constantly changing scenery from flat expanses to distant mountain ranges, with opportunities to stop for tea with nomads and photograph the stark beauty of the Sahara.
7-9 hours with stops $70-90
This journey requires a 4x4 vehicle with an experienced driver familiar with desert navigation
Lunch
Roadside stop in a small settlement for simple grilled meat and bread
Basic Mauritanian Budget
Afternoon
Arrival in Atar and old town exploration
Arrive in Atar and check into your accommodation. Explore this charming desert town nestled at the base of dramatic cliffs. Walk through the old quarter with its traditional architecture, visit the lively afternoon market where nomads come to trade, and observe the preparation of traditional handicrafts. Atar serves as the supply hub for the Adrar region, giving it an authentic frontier town atmosphere. Climb to a viewpoint above the town for sunset views over the palm groves and desert beyond.
2-3 hours $5-10
Evening
Traditional dinner and preparation for tomorrow
Dine at a local restaurant serving Adrar specialties including dried meat dishes, then arrange final details for tomorrow's excursion to Chinguetti with your guide

Where to Stay Tonight

Central Atar (Traditional guesthouse or small hotel)

Atar's accommodations offer authentic desert hospitality and serve as the perfect base for exploring the Adrar region

Stock up on water, snacks, and any supplies needed in Atar as facilities become even more basic in the ancient towns beyond
Day 5 Budget: $95-120
6

Ancient Chinguetti: Libraries of the Sahara

Atar to Chinguetti and return
Visit the legendary seventh holy city of Islam, exploring ancient manuscripts and desert architecture.
Morning
Journey to Chinguetti
Drive through the spectacular Adrar Plateau to reach Chinguetti, one of Mauritania's four ancient caravan cities and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The 90-kilometer journey traverses stunning desert landscapes with dramatic rock formations and vast sand seas. Arrive in this mystical town where sand dunes encroach upon ancient stone buildings. Chinguetti was once a major stop on trans-Saharan trade routes and remains a center of Islamic scholarship. The town's iconic stone minaret rises from the sand, and narrow streets wind between traditional houses built from local stone.
4-5 hours including travel $40-60
Hire a local guide in Chinguetti who can arrange access to private libraries
Lunch
A family-run guesthouse in Chinguetti serving traditional Adrar cuisine
Traditional Mauritanian Budget
Afternoon
Ancient manuscript libraries and old town exploration
Visit several of Chinguetti's famous private libraries housing ancient Islamic manuscripts dating back to the 12th century. These precious collections contain texts on astronomy, mathematics, law, and poetry, carefully preserved by families for generations. Explore the old quarter's labyrinthine streets, visit the ancient mosque with its distinctive square minaret, and walk to the edge of town where sand dunes meet stone buildings. Climb a nearby dune for panoramic views of this remarkable desert settlement slowly being reclaimed by the Sahara.
3-4 hours $15-25
Evening
Return to Atar for dinner
Drive back to Atar in time for dinner at a local restaurant, reflecting on the day's journey through living history while enjoying camel meat tagine and fresh dates

Where to Stay Tonight

Central Atar (Same traditional guesthouse or hotel)

Returning to Atar provides better facilities and positions you for tomorrow's journey back to Nouakchott

Photography fees may be requested at manuscript libraries; small tips for library guardians (typically $5-10) are appreciated for their preservation efforts
Day 6 Budget: $90-115
7

Return to the Capital

Atar to Nouakchott
Journey back across the Sahara to Nouakchott for final explorations and departure preparations.
Morning
Scenic return drive to Nouakchott
Begin the journey back to Nouakchott, retracing your route across the Sahara with fresh appreciation for the landscapes. The roughly 450-kilometer drive offers different perspectives in the morning light. Make stops at interesting rock formations, small oases, or nomadic encampments along the way. This long drive provides time for reflection on your week's adventures and final desert photography opportunities. The changing landscapes from rocky plateau to sandy desert to coastal plains summarize Mauritania's geographical diversity.
7-8 hours with stops $70-90
Depart early to arrive in Nouakchott with time for evening activities
Lunch
Roadside stop at a small town restaurant for grilled fish and rice
Simple Mauritanian Budget
Afternoon
Arrival in Nouakchott and souvenir shopping
Arrive back in Nouakchott and visit the Marché Artisanal (Artisan Market) for last-minute souvenir shopping. Browse traditional Mauritanian handicrafts including silver jewelry, leather goods, woven baskets, and colorful textiles. This is the best place to find authentic locally-made items including traditional tea sets, carved wooden items, and decorative daggers. Take time to negotiate prices respectfully and select meaningful mementos of your Saharan adventure. Visit a gold and silver souk if interested in traditional Moorish jewelry.
2-3 hours $30-100
Evening
Farewell dinner in Nouakchott
Celebrate your final evening with dinner at an upscale restaurant in Tevragh-Zeina serving refined Mauritanian cuisine, followed by a final tea ceremony at a traditional tea house

Where to Stay Tonight

Tevragh-Zeina district, Nouakchott (Comfortable hotel near the airport)

Convenient for departure day with easy airport access and final night comfort after a week of adventure

Reconfirm your departure flight 24 hours in advance as schedules can occasionally change, and arrive at the airport at least 3 hours early for international flights
Day 7 Budget: $110-135

Practical Information

Getting Around

This itinerary requires hiring 4x4 vehicles with experienced drivers for the Nouakchott-Nouadhibou journey, the Nouadhibou-Atar route, and the Atar-Chinguetti excursion. Public transportation exists but is unreliable and uncomfortable for tourists. Arrange vehicle rentals through reputable agencies or hotels in Nouakchott. Within cities, taxis are available but negotiate prices before departure. The roads between major cities are mostly paved but desert routes require proper off-road vehicles. Fuel availability can be irregular outside major cities, so always fill up when possible. Consider hiring drivers who speak French or Arabic as English is rarely spoken outside tourist establishments.

Book Ahead

Book accommodations in Nouakchott and Atar in advance, especially during cooler months (November-February). Arrange 4x4 vehicle hire and drivers before arrival or immediately upon reaching Nouakchott. No advance booking needed for most attractions, but contact the Monk Seal Interpretation Center ahead if possible to confirm hours. Reserve airport transfers in advance for convenience and safety.

Packing Essentials

Lightweight, loose-fitting clothing covering arms and legs; headscarf for women; sun hat; high-SPF sunscreen; sunglasses; sturdy walking shoes; sandals; warm layers for cool desert nights; sleeping bag liner if riding the iron ore train; camera with dust protection; power bank; reusable water bottle; water purification tablets; basic first aid kit; French phrasebook; flashlight; wet wipes and hand sanitizer

Total Budget

$660-925 for 7 days (excluding international flights)

Customize Your Trip

Budget Version

Reduce costs by staying in basic guesthouses throughout (saving $15-25 per night), eating primarily at local restaurants and street food stalls, using shared taxis where possible instead of private vehicle hire for city transfers, skipping the iron ore train ride experience, spending less on souvenirs, and traveling during shoulder season when some accommodations offer lower rates. Consider joining a small group tour from Nouakchott which shares vehicle costs. Budget travelers can complete this itinerary for approximately $60-80 per day by making these adjustments.

Luxury Upgrade

Upgrade to the best available hotels in Nouakchott and Atar, hire private 4x4 vehicles with English-speaking guides for the entire week, arrange a private camping experience in the desert near Chinguetti with full service and traditional Mauritanian feast, book a scenic flight over the Banc d'Arguin National Park, enjoy upscale dining throughout, hire a private cultural guide for manuscript library visits with extended access, and arrange a boat tour along the coast to potentially observe monk seals. Luxury travelers should budget $200-300 per day for enhanced comfort and exclusive experiences.

Family-Friendly

Shorten driving days by flying from Nouakchott to Atar (when flights operate), break the Nouadhibou journey into two days with overnight in Parc National du Banc d'Arguin area, skip the iron ore train ride for younger children, arrange family-friendly accommodations with pools where available in Nouakchott, pack plenty of entertainment for long drives, bring familiar snacks for picky eaters, schedule more frequent rest stops, focus on beach time and shorter cultural visits, arrange private vehicles with more space, and consider visiting during school holidays when some hotels offer family packages. The Monk Seal Interpretation Center and ship graveyard are particularly engaging for children.

Book Activities for Your Trip

Tours, tickets, and experiences in Mauritania

Continue Planning Your Trip

Things to Do

Top attractions and activities for Mauritania

Budget Guide

Trip costs and money tips for Mauritania

Getting Around

Transport options and tips for Mauritania

Where to Stay

Accommodation guide for Mauritania

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